Exactly the world is not like back then (as in a year ego even). The United States, Europe, South America, etc have a choice of which businesses they let operate in their respective countries. So if for example European countries decide that it's unfair that their citizens have to pay social security, health care, etc and Chinese workers don't have equal protection they can decide to block Chinese products from their markets. If they find that German companies are forced to share their know-how with a Chinese company, know-how that may have taken decades to develop, and are subsequently used in a 100% Chinese company to compete against the join-venture then Germany may say that this Chinese company may not import it's goods in Germany/Europe.
What the world is like is exactly what is being reevaluated. European bureaucrats even before Trump were starting to reevaluate their economic dealings with China and what the cost was to European business. This will only accelerate it. China won't have it as easy in the future. But the Chinese government is at this point still one step ahead. Their Silkroad initiative is all about extending it's economic power to the world and making entire economic regions like Africa dependent on them. Note that some African countries are already voting differently in the UN on issues like Taiwain, Tibet, Uighurs, etc because of China's growing influence. Chinese companies are never truly independent of the state. So Huawei isn't just a company ... it's a tool to extend the Chinese way of doing business.