ac6000cw

It's not a 'challenge', degraded close vision is just a very common issue as we get older. Just get your eyes tested at a decent opticians, explain what you need to do, sight-wise, and see what they suggest to fix the issue. I've been short-sighted (degraded distance vision) since I was a teenager, and now 50 years later I have the usual age-related degraded close vision as well. So I became a wearer of varifocal spectacles at least a decade ago and I think they are great (albeit they are most expensive lens type). The best ones have three 'areas' (if you need it) - distance correction in the upper part, reading/close-up correction in the lower part and mid-distance correction in the middle part e.g. for when using a computer monitor or the instruments when driving. Some people don't adapt well to using them though. (...and I wouldn't want to "wear reading glasses on the point of my nose" either - it's just not necessary these days when there's so many better choices to correct vision problems).

I'd agree with the others that you've already found the best ILC solution. Personally I don't expect any new very compact ILCs to appear (warmed over stuff like the G100D excepted) - I think that market segment is largely catered for now by small RX100/ZV-1 size 1" sensor compacts plus larger sensor phones. I think it's not that camera manufacturers couldn't do it, more about if there would be enough customers willing to pay a high price for something like a G9 ii sensor and processing sqeezed into a sub-GX80/GX9 size body, with the inevitable limitations on recording times and battery life. Re. IBIS - I've now sold all my older cameras without it, because I much prefer doing most shooting handheld. I don't like an obvious 'handheld' look (overused sometimes in films and TV), so like Kye I rely on IBIS plus stabilisation in post if necessary. It's mostly why I live with video quality limitations in exchange for IBIS performance on the E-M1 iii and OM-1 (the OG G9 IBIS gets close, has worse AF and better video quality - swings and roundabouts...). The ZV-1 in 'active' SteadyShot mode (OIS + EIS) is quite decent but IMHO not up to E-M1 iii/OM-1 standard - but it is pocket sized after all...

Note the F and mk ii versions don't have OIS (only EIS and embedded gyro data for stabilisation in post). It was a major reason I bought the original version recently - I've got used to having good stabilisation on micro 4/3 cameras.

I think limited 4k recording times on very small cameras is just one of the compromises you have to accept (battery life is another) - e.g. the GX800 is limited to 5 minutes in 4k, the LX100 and TZ100 to 15 minutes. This is the recording time info in the manual for the ZV-1:

If the LX10 is a possibility, then maybe the Sony ZV-1 (the original version)? Lens OIS (plus EIS in 'Active' stabilization mode). Also records gyro data for stabilization in post. 4k 24/25/30p at 100Mbps, FHD at 50Mbps, no crop in 4k, Cine/S-Log/HLG picture profiles (but only 8-bit). PDAF. Startup time about 3 seconds, including adjusting the zoom to where it was last time. Good on-board audio (with an included furry) plus a mic jack (which doesn't foul the screen when it's hinged out). The manual is here - https://helpguide.sony.net/dc/1910/v1/en/index.html Downsides that I've noticed so far: The battery life when shooting video is poor (there's just not the space for a large battery in a body that small...but 3rd party batteries are cheap) Anything screwed into the tripod hole blocks the battery/card door from opening. Only one control wheel. The Sony menus...

In the small/light/cheap micro4/3 lens category, the Pan 14-42mm F3.5-5.6 II kit lens is worth considering - twice the length of the 12-32mm, but has a focus ring and (on my copy at least) a smoother zoom ring. Both lenses on a GX85:

I own the last three lenses on that list. The 20mm F1.7 is a nice lens optically, but for video use its AF is noisy and the minimum aperture is F16 (versus F22 for most micro4/3 lenses). No OIS. The Pana 12-32mm F3.5-5.6 is nice - weighs almost nothing and is very compact when closed and has OIS (with dual-IS support on the GX85 etc.). No manual focus ring, which means no MF on Olympus/OMDS bodies as they don't support MF adjustment via the camera body controls (AFAIK all Olympus lenses have a focus control). Panasonic does support body MF control for it. Tends to be my go-to lens if I'm taking a second camera on a trip, to keep the size down. Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 14-42mm F3.5-5.6 EZ - I think it's OK but nothing special - the power zoom isn't especially smooth, but it does have both zoom and focus rings on a slim pancake lens.

Here are a few old 2160p25 and 1080p50 SOC clips from my GX800 (which I no longer have) - https://drive.google.com/open?id=13vWtrMzGKQ5qR1l2zCr_NBVjIowFuy4V&usp=drive_fs . All hand-held, probably using the 12-32mm or 14-42mm kit lenses, standard picture profile, shutter priority (using the 'flicker reduction' setting). The train going over the road crossing (P1000474.MP4) shows the rolling shutter nicely.

On the gx800, if you're happy with 4k30p, you can use '4k photo' mode to shoot video with PASM control. Also you can use the 'flicker reduction' menu setting to fix the shutter speed to 1/120, 1/100, 1/60 or 1/50 in normal video mode.

I don't own the R7, but this is a detailed review of its video capabilities - https://www.optyczne.pl/65.1-Inne_testy-Canon_EOS_R7_-_test_trybu_filmowego_Wstęp.html

Have you thought about the (APS-C) Canon R7? In the UK the R7 bundled with the RF-S 18-150mm f3.5-6.3 IS STM Lens is £1799 at the moment, so you might be able to get it within your budget in Italy. Has decent IBIS, good AF and dual card slots, and some contributors on here like it. Does 4k60 and high quality oversampled 4k up to 30p (the rolling shutter is high at 30ms in oversampled mode, but much better at 15ms in the subsampled 4k modes).

Re. L-mount lens choices - Don't forget the S5ii/iix is APS-C crop in 4k60p (and you can choose APS-C crop for other video modes), which means the cheap but good Pana 20-60mm 'kit' lens becomes about 90mm equivalent at the tele end. There's also a pixel-pixel crop mode, which is about 3x magnification in FHD so 180mm equivalent (at reduced video quality of course).

What about the much cheaper A6700 (which probably has the same sensor as the FX30 and can do 4k60p and 4k120p, but no fan so overheating may be an issue)?

...and 4K 30p/25p/24p 4:2:2 10-bit internal recording at 150Mbps H264/AVC.

Is this meant to be a dedicated video camera or a hybrid for both video & stills? If it's for hybrid video & stills use, the X-S20 is probably better overall because it has a mechanical shutter and a viewfinder. One downside of the Fuji's is they don't support plug-in power for microphones, if that is important to you. The FX30 is electronic shutter only and no viewfinder, but has a cooling fan (better for long recordings) and the E-mount lens choice is huge. At the moment Wex in the UK are selling a new FX30 body for £1879 (with a voucher code) until 31-01-2024 - https://www.wexphotovideo.com/sony-cinema-line-fx30-camera-3069656/ Also, if you are thinking about the S5 ii, note it has a major crop in 4k60p (so it's an APS-C camera in that situation). It's the same situation with most of the other lower-end FF cameras. (If you can live with micro-4/3, a used G9 plus the cheaper/smaller/lighter Pana 12-60mm lens will get you excellent 4k60p and superb stabilization for peanuts - around £700 for both used)

I own the E-M1 iii , OM-1 and original G9. With the video IBIS set to maximum (Oly) or in Boost mode (Pana) and something to lean on (or you're good at standing still), I would say 'yes'. Not used a GH6 or G9 ii, but the E-M1 iii & OM-1 stabilization can be almost magically good sometimes.

Yes - If Panasonic is intent on being a significant player in the full-frame hybrid market, they have to offer 8k video now that Sony, Canon & Nikon offer it. Fuji even have it on the sub-$2000 (APS-C) X-H2. As Panasonic and Leica have been long-term camera development partners, if Leica are going to have 8k video on a camera soon Panasonic can't really be far behind in offering it. I'd be very surprised if the the new Leica doesn't have largely Panasonic electronics and software inside it.

I'd go for a high-res S5 ii, as they've already done the video-centric 'x' version of the S5 ii. If it is that, any bets on it supporting 8k video?

I agree the GX85 is one of those cameras where the design and features were 'just right' when it came out. Its main problem (for me) is the on-board audio is poor (terrible electrical/IBIS noise breakthrough) and there's no mic jack, so getting decent audio means using a separate recorder. Wanting a genuinely pocket-sized camera with decent video and on-board audio, plus reasonable stabilization and a mic jack, I've just bought a refurbished Sony ZV-1 (original version). Only had it a few days and been able to test it much yet, but so far I'm quite impressed with the performance of such a compact camera (and the build quality seems pretty good - it's a nice solid-feeling camera, like the GX85 is). It's only a 1" sensor, but it's BSI with reasonably low rolling shutter and decent low-light performance. Quick size comparison of HX99/ZV-1/GX800/GX85/X-S20 - https://camerasize.com/compact/#797,847,699.397,673.397,908.706,ha,t (I also own the Sony HX99 small-sensor/30x zoom camera on the far left - that really is small!)

I'd also love them to do 1), but I can imagine some of the YouTube influencer/reviewer comments: It's expensive It overheats recording 4k60p after 10 minutes if it's really small and light - "There's no IBIS" If it's got IBIS - "It's not small enough and it's too heavy" The battery life is too short It doesn't have a fully articulated/flip out screen There's no headphone jack Most of the above list would not actually be issues for the vast majority of potential buyers if it was cheap enough, but it would be a hard sell if it's almost as expensive as a G9ii Maybe the answer would be to market it as a Leica camera?

Panasonic versus Olympus/OMDS micro4/3 lenses are another example of opposite zoom rings on the same mount...

The animation below from a Wikpedia page about rotary disc shutters illustrates their operation (and film pull-down) nicely, showing that the sweep of the edge (the rolling shutter equivalent) is quite short in relation to the exposure time: (Image By Joram van Hartingsveldt - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=924146) Film projectors have basically the same mechanism, except that usually the shutter operates at twice the rate to create 48 Hz flicker which is much less noticeable/annoying to viewers than 24Hz.

$6000, same ballpark as the a1.

Yes, especially as some full-frame cameras (e.g. S1, S5, S5ii, S1H, a7 IV, a7C II) have an APS-C crop in 4k50/60p, so it's a sensible video lens option for those in addition to native APS-C cameras. I think MrSMW uses it sometimes on his L-mount cameras?

What's the problem with the viewfinder? Is the moire mainly producing 'false colour' or just patterning (like the 'jeans' example you posted earlier), and is it an issue in both 1080p and 4k?