In my eye, what separates a proper cinema camera and cinema look from my own work (with an eos M) are these:
resolution: not to be confused with sharpness, looking at images from a black magic camera, even at 1080p, I can clearly see how much detail they resolve, were my camera needs to do sharpening instead, to give the illusion of detail. and that "sharpening" is something that I think gives away the video look. Of course sharpening is used often in cinema, take a look at tomorrow land for example, but I'm sure those effect are done in more advanced and complex manners that what my camera does. A few month back, I downloaded some sample file from RED and was actually surprised how soft the 5k and 6k footage looked at 100 percent, but it looked more "filmic" and "cinematic" anyway... and no aliasing and moire of course.
having a lot of dynamic range doesn't hurt but I think one can work around a limited dynamic range... The other thing is color and tonality, this is again were cinema cameras can manage to store as much information as possible so the end product is richer in terms of color.
and all the other thing that you yourself mentioned.... lighting, set designing, camera movement, lenses... and a good story.
as for transforming a video look into a more filmic look... I think the basic rules are use as less in camera sharpness as possible, expose properly and try to manage the dynamic range and avoid shooting with a high contrast picture profile to get a flatter look which some argue that itself looks more cinematic, and plugins like film convert can actually give you a more filmic, I personally like the grain they produce and use it whenever i denoise my footage. but please be subtle when using any kind of effect or lut.
think about composition and move your camera properly... for practice, study your favorite movie or music video or... and pay attention to every aspect of the image that you see and like, from color and contrast to camera angel and movement and framing and etc.
sorry for the long post...
I recently posted my Night time lapse tutorial and got some great responses.
I've just released another photography tutorial based on Hyper Lapse. It got picked up by a few photography blogs which really helped bring in the views.
Last week I went out into Manchester, UK to shoot some long exposure hyper lapse videos and I was pleasantly surprised with the results. Whilst I'm definitely no expert I thought I'd share some tips and techniques in this short tutorial to encourage others to shoot hyper lapse.